12. Use Your Service Locator in your Tests

L5 P3 A08 Use Your Service Locator In Your Tests

Now you'll use the ServiceLocator to swap a fake into your view model and fragment integration tests.

Step 1: Create FakeAndroidTestRepository

You already have a FakeTestRepository in the test source set. You cannot share test classes between the test and androidTest source sets by default. So, you need to make a duplicate FakeTestRepository class in the androidTest source set, but call it FakeAndroidTestRepository.

If you'd like to share files between the test and androidTest source set, you can configure, via gradle, a sharedTest folder as seen in the Architecture Blueprints reactive sample.

  1. Right click the androidTest source set and make a data package. Right click again and make a source package.
  2. Make new class in this source package called FakeAndroidTestRepository.kt.
  3. Copy over the following code to that class:

FakeAndroidTestRepository.kt

import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting
import androidx.lifecycle.LiveData
import androidx.lifecycle.MutableLiveData
import androidx.lifecycle.map
import com.example.android.architecture.blueprints.todoapp.data.Result
import com.example.android.architecture.blueprints.todoapp.data.Result.Error
import com.example.android.architecture.blueprints.todoapp.data.Result.Success
import com.example.android.architecture.blueprints.todoapp.data.Task
import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
import java.util.LinkedHashMap


class FakeAndroidTestRepository : TasksRepository {

    var tasksServiceData: LinkedHashMap<String, Task> = LinkedHashMap()

    private var shouldReturnError = false

    private val observableTasks = MutableLiveData<Result<List<Task>>>()

    fun setReturnError(value: Boolean) {
        shouldReturnError = value
    }

    override suspend fun refreshTasks() {
        observableTasks.value = getTasks()
    }

    override suspend fun refreshTask(taskId: String) {
        refreshTasks()
    }

    override fun observeTasks(): LiveData<Result<List<Task>>> {
        runBlocking { refreshTasks() }
        return observableTasks
    }

    override fun observeTask(taskId: String): LiveData<Result<Task>> {
        runBlocking { refreshTasks() }
        return observableTasks.map { tasks ->
            when (tasks) {
                is Result.Loading -> Result.Loading
                is Error -> Error(tasks.exception)
                is Success -> {
                    val task = tasks.data.firstOrNull() { it.id == taskId }
                        ?: return@map Error(Exception("Not found"))
                    Success(task)
                }
            }
        }
    }

    override suspend fun getTask(taskId: String, forceUpdate: Boolean): Result<Task> {
        if (shouldReturnError) {
            return Error(Exception("Test exception"))
        }
        tasksServiceData[taskId]?.let {
            return Success(it)
        }
        return Error(Exception("Could not find task"))
    }

    override suspend fun getTasks(forceUpdate: Boolean): Result<List<Task>> {
        if (shouldReturnError) {
            return Error(Exception("Test exception"))
        }
        return Success(tasksServiceData.values.toList())
    }

    override suspend fun saveTask(task: Task) {
        tasksServiceData[task.id] = task
    }

    override suspend fun completeTask(task: Task) {
        val completedTask = Task(task.title, task.description, true, task.id)
        tasksServiceData[task.id] = completedTask
    }

    override suspend fun completeTask(taskId: String) {
        // Not required for the remote data source.
        throw NotImplementedError()
    }

    override suspend fun activateTask(task: Task) {
        val activeTask = Task(task.title, task.description, false, task.id)
        tasksServiceData[task.id] = activeTask
    }

    override suspend fun activateTask(taskId: String) {
        throw NotImplementedError()
    }

    override suspend fun clearCompletedTasks() {
        tasksServiceData = tasksServiceData.filterValues {
            !it.isCompleted
        } as LinkedHashMap<String, Task>
    }

    override suspend fun deleteTask(taskId: String) {
        tasksServiceData.remove(taskId)
        refreshTasks()
    }

    override suspend fun deleteAllTasks() {
        tasksServiceData.clear()
        refreshTasks()
    }


    fun addTasks(vararg tasks: Task) {
        for (task in tasks) {
            tasksServiceData[task.id] = task
        }
        runBlocking { refreshTasks() }
    }
}

Step 2: Prepare your ServiceLocator for Tests

  1. Open ServiceLocator.kt.
  2. Mark the setter for tasksRepository as @VisibleForTesting.

ServiceLocator.kt

    @Volatile
    var tasksRepository: TasksRepository? = null
        @VisibleForTesting set

One of the downsides of using a service locator is that it is a shared singleton. In addition to needing to reset the state of the service locator when the test finishes, you cannot run tests in parallel.

This doesn't happen when you use dependency injection which is one of the reasons to prefer constructor dependency injection when you can use it.

You can read the documentation to learn more about the trade offs.

  1. Add an instance variable called lock with the Any value:

ServiceLocator.kt

private val lock = Any()
  1. Add a testing specific method called resetRepository which clears out the database and sets both the repository and database to null:

ServiceLocator.kt

    @VisibleForTesting
    fun resetRepository() {
        synchronized(lock) {
            runBlocking {
                TasksRemoteDataSource.deleteAllTasks()
            }
            // Clear all data to avoid test pollution.
            database?.apply {
                clearAllTables()
                close()
            }
            database = null
            tasksRepository = null
        }
    }

Step 3: Use your ServiceLocator

  1. Open TaskDetailFragmentTest.
  2. Declare a lateinit TasksRepository variable.
  3. Add a setup and tear down method which sets up a FakeAndroidTestRepository before each test and cleans it up after each test:

TaskDetailFragmentTest.kt

    private lateinit var repository: TasksRepository

    @Before
    fun initRepository() {
        repository = FakeAndroidTestRepository()
        ServiceLocator.tasksRepository = repository
    }

    @After
    fun cleanupDb() = runBlockingTest {
        ServiceLocator.resetRepository()
    }
  1. Wrap the function body of activeTaskDetails_DisplayedInUi() in runBlockingTest.
  2. Save activeTask in the repository before launching the fragment.
repository.saveTask(activeTask)

The final test looks like this:

TaskDetailFragmentTest.kt

    @Test
    fun activeTaskDetails_DisplayedInUi()  = runBlockingTest{
        // GIVEN - Add active (incomplete) task to the DB
        val activeTask = Task("Active Task", "AndroidX Rocks", false)
        repository.saveTask(activeTask)

        // WHEN - Details fragment launched to display task
        val bundle = TaskDetailFragmentArgs(activeTask.id).toBundle()
        launchFragmentInContainer<TaskDetailFragment>(bundle, R.style.AppTheme)

    }
  1. Annotate the whole class with @ExperimentalCoroutinesApi.

When finished, the code will look like this:

TaskDetailFragmentTest.kt

@MediumTest
@ExperimentalCoroutinesApi
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class TaskDetailFragmentTest {

    private lateinit var repository: TasksRepository

    @Before
    fun initRepository() {
        repository = FakeAndroidTestRepository()
        ServiceLocator.tasksRepository = repository
    }

    @After
    fun cleanupDb() = runBlockingTest {
        ServiceLocator.resetRepository()
    }


    @Test
    fun activeTaskDetails_DisplayedInUi()  = runBlockingTest{
        // GIVEN - Add active (incomplete) task to the DB
        val activeTask = Task("Active Task", "AndroidX Rocks", false)
        repository.saveTask(activeTask)

        // WHEN - Details fragment launched to display task
        val bundle = TaskDetailFragmentArgs(activeTask.id).toBundle()
        launchFragmentInContainer<TaskDetailFragment>(bundle, R.style.AppTheme)

    }

}
  1. Run the activeTaskDetails_DisplayedInUi() test.

Much like before, you should see the fragment, except this time, because you properly set up the repository, it now shows the task information.

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